Use of Bacillus sphaericus in the field to control mosquitoes and black flies

Are there other benefits to using Bs?

Does Bacillus sphaericus kill non-target organisms? What are the disadvantages of use Bs?

How does Bacillus sphaericus (and related toxins) kill mosquitoes? The toxin and mode of action

Darboux, I., Nielsen-Leroux, C., Charles, J.-F. and Pauron, D., 2001. The receptor of Bacillus sphaericus binary toxin in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) midgut: molecular cloning and expression. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 31: 981-990.

Mosquitoes and resistance to Bacillus sphaericus


Why Bacillus sphaericus?

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Last update Feb 22, 2003.
http://research.biology.arizona.edu/mosquito/willott.html